2023年初中英語語法之動詞一般將來時

一、概念：

一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，及計劃、打算或準備做某事。常常與表示將來的時間狀語連用。如：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon,the day after tomorrow(后天)等。

二、常用的表達形式：

(一)“will+動詞原形”這一形式，主要用于在以下幾種情況：

1、表示單純的未來“將要”通用于各個人稱。eg:

They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他們將去工廠參觀。

I’ll come with Wang Bing and Yang Ling.我將和王兵、楊玲一起來。

The rain will stop soon.雨很快就要停了。

2、表示不以人的意志為轉移的自然發展的未來的事。eg:

Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天是(將)是星期日。

He will be thirty years old this time nextyear.明年這個時候他就(將)三十歲。

3、問對方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請或命令。

eg: Will you please turn on the radio?請打開收音機好嗎?

Will you go to the zoo with me?你和我一起去動物園好嗎?

Shall we go there at five?我們五點鐘去那兒，好嗎?

Will you please open the door?請你把門打開，好嗎?

注：在口語中will用于所有人稱，書面語中第一人稱常用shall。

(二)“be goingto+動詞原形”的形式，表示事先經過考慮、安排好打算、計劃要做的事情以及已有跡象表明必將發生某事，意為“打算;就要”。

如：1)We're going to meet outside theschool gate.我們打算在校門口見面。

2)Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。

3)Look! It's going to rain.瞧!快下雨了。

三、一般將來時的特殊用法：

1、be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發生的事。

We are to talk about the report next Saturday.

He is to visit Japan next year.明年他將訪問日本。

2、“be about to+動詞原形”表示即將發生的動作，意為：很快，馬上。后面一般不能與tomorrow, next week等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。

如：We are aboutto leave.我們馬上就走。意為馬上做某事。

He is aboutto leave for Beijing.

They're about to leave. (=They're leaving.)他們就要走了。

3、有些表趨向性的動詞可用現在進行時來表示將來時：

例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飛往)，reach(到達)，stay，leave，start, die...

如：I’m going togo to the zoo this weekend.= I’m going to the zoo this weekend.

He’s going to leave for Paris.= He’s leaving for Paris.

The old man is dying.= The old man will die.這個老人要去世。

Uncle Wang is coming.王叔叔就要來了。

4、要注意“主將從現”這一語法現象：重要連詞有：if (如果)，as soon as (一....就...),when(當...時候)，before，after，until(直到 not..until直到...才) 等

If it rains, we won’t have a picnic nextweek.

I’ll tell you the news as soon as you comeback.

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go outfor a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我們將出去野餐。

四、否定形式：

在be動詞(am, is, are)后加not或will后加not成won’t.

例如：1) I’mgoing to have a picnic this afternoon.

→ I’m not going to have a picnic thisafternoon.

2) Peter will go to Nanning next week.

→Peter won’t go to Nanning next week.

五、一般疑問句：

be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or,第一、二人稱互換。

例如：1)We are going to go on an outingthis weekend.

→ Are you going to go on an outing thisweekend? Yes,we are. / No, we aren’ t .

2) I will go swimming tomorrow.

→ Will you go swimming tomorrow.? Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.

六、There be句型的一般將來時：

隨堂練習：

一、用所給動詞的一般將來時填空

1. I ______(leave)in a minute. I ______(finish)all my work before I ______(leave).

2. —How long _____ you _____(study)in ourcountry?

—I _____(plan)to be here for about one more year.

—I _____(hope)to visit the other parts of yourcountry.

—What ______ you ______(do)after you______(leave)here?

—I ______(return)home and ______(get)a job.

3. I ______(be)tired. I ______(go)to bed early tonight.

4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____(give)her a present.

5. It is very cold these days. It ______(snow)soon.

6. —_____ you _____(be)here thisSaturday?

—No. I ______(visit)my teacher.

7. —______ I ______(get)you a copy oftoday’s newspaper?

—Thank you.

8. I am afraid there ______(be)a meetingthis afternoon. I can’t join you.

9. Mike ______(believe, not)this until he ______(see)it with his own eyes.

10. Most of us don’t think their team ______(win).

二、把下列各句譯成英語

1.我叔叔今晚要來。

2.他沒有打算住那座小屋。

3.我們要讀這本書。

4.—你爸爸要去釣魚嗎?—不，他要去游泳。

參考答案：

一、1. am leaving ; will finish ; leave 2. will ; study ; plan ; hope ;will ; do ; leave ; will return ; get 3.am ; will 4. will give 5. will snow6. Will, be ; will visit 7. Shall; get

8. will be 9. won’t believe ; sees 10. will win

二、1.My uncle will come tonight.

2.He isn't going to live inthe small house.

3.We are going to read thisbook.

4.—Will your father gofishing?—No，he is going swimming.

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