2023中考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)精講及真題練習(xí)

ONE用法講解

1賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞

賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：

that；whether/ if；特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等。

(1) 以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：

that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一般都是由陳述句充當(dāng)，引導(dǎo)詞that沒有實(shí)際意義，不在從句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且從句成分齊全，句意完整。

Do you think (that) it will rain?

你認(rèn)為天會(huì)下雨嗎?

He said (that) he could come on time.

他說(shuō)他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。

(2) 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：

從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，變成從句后，語(yǔ)序由原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序變成陳述語(yǔ)序，意為“是否”。

Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.

請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。

I don’t care whether you like the story or not.

我不在乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。

注意：

以下情況一般只用whether不用if。

1) 接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式

She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo.

她不知道是不是去動(dòng)物園。

2)與or not連用時(shí)

I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time.

他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)，我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。

(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：

此類賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成賓語(yǔ)從句后要用陳述語(yǔ)序，由wh-開頭的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo);

包括who, whom, whose, what, which等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞，這些引導(dǎo)詞有各自的意思，在從句中要作相應(yīng)的成分，不能省略。

Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?

請(qǐng)問(wèn)我們得走哪個(gè)門?

He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.

他沒有告訴我他要在這里呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

2賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序

由whether/ if和特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序時(shí)注意相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞的變化等。

Where does your father work? Can you tell us?

→Can you tell us where your father works?

你能告訴我們你爸爸在哪里工作嗎?

Did you get home very late? He asked me.

→He asked me if I got home very late. 他問(wèn)我是否到家很晚。

3賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)

(1) 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用各種時(shí)態(tài)

My teacher says he will be back in a week. (一般將來(lái)時(shí))

我的老師說(shuō)他將在一個(gè)星期后回來(lái)。

My teacher says he is watching TV. (現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))

我的老師說(shuō)他正在看電視。

My teacher says he has seen the movie. (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

我的老師說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。

(2）如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)

My father said he was watching TV at that time.(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))

我爸爸說(shuō)在那個(gè)時(shí)候他在看電視。

My father said the he had already seen the movie. (過(guò)去完成時(shí))

我爸爸說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。

注意：

如果賓語(yǔ)從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

例如：

Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

我們的老師告訴我們太陽(yáng)比地球大多了。

4賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移

主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，其反意疑問(wèn)句與從句一致。

I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they?

我認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)等到最后一分鐘，他們會(huì)嗎?

I don’t believe he did this, did he?

我相信他不會(huì)做這樣的事，他會(huì)嗎?

TWO鞏固練習(xí)

中考真題

1. — Could you tell me _________?

— Certainly. In half an hour.

A. when will the high speed train arrive

B. when the high speed train will arrive

C. when would the high speed train arrive

D. when the high speed train would arrive

2. — Excuse me, could you tell me ______ to get to the post office?

—Certainly. The No.15 bus.

A. which bus I should take

B. I should take which bus

C. should I take which bus

D. which bus should I take

3.I think _____ not difficult _____ English every morning.

A. that; keep reading

B.it’s; keep reading

C. that; to keep reading

D.it; to keep reading

4. Do you know _________ Zunyi or not tomorrow?

A. whether are they leaving for

B. whether they are leaving for

C. if they are leaving for

D. if are they leaving for

5. The policewoman asked the little boy ______.

A.where did he live

B.where he lived

C.where he lives

D.where does he lives

6. — Could you tell me_____ he came here?

— He drove here himself.

A. how B. why C. when D. whether

7. — Can you tell me ____ the prize, Tom?

— Last year.

A. when you got

B. when did you get

C. when will you get

D. when you will get

參考答案

1. B。

由when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，要用陳述語(yǔ)序，所以排除A和C,主句時(shí)態(tài)是表示委婉語(yǔ)氣的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，選擇B。句意：你能告訴我高鐵什么時(shí)候到嗎?

2. A。

考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，要用陳述語(yǔ)序，選擇A。句意：— 打擾一下，請(qǐng)問(wèn)乘哪輛公交車可以到郵局?—可以啊，15路公交車。

3. D。

這里的it作形式賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式to keep reading English作真正的賓語(yǔ)。

4. B。

賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，所以排除A、D選項(xiàng);if不能與or not連用故選B答案。

5. B。

考查where引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，用陳述句語(yǔ)序，由asked可知從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選B。

6. A。

由答語(yǔ)可知，問(wèn)他來(lái)這的方式，所以引導(dǎo)詞選how。

7. A。

由答語(yǔ)last year可知問(wèn)獲獎(jiǎng)的時(shí)間，when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，所以選A。

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