初中英語句型分類知識點：雙重否定句與排除否定句

　　雙重否定句

　　句型19［主語+否定式謂語…+否定詞/含否定意義的詞+其他］

　　1.    He doesn't lend his book to nobody.   2. You can't make something out of nothing.

　　3.  I'll take it then. Not for nothing. I'll give you something in return.

　　4.  I could not disobey him. Only one thing remained for me: to suffer and obey.

　　5.  He was never dissatisfied with my work.  6. What's done cannot be undone.

　　7.  This captain took a fancy to my conversation, which was not at all disagreeable at that time.

　　[注] 如果要用否定代詞作主語，謂語要用肯定式。

　　Nothing is changeless.  Nothing is without his faults.  Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.

　　［主語+否定式謂語…+without+名詞…/動名詞］

　　句型20［(There be)+no+主語+詞組或從句+without+名詞…/動名詞］

　　［It (或名詞) is+否定詞語+不定式+without+名詞…/動名詞］

　　1.    We can live without food or water for some days, but without air we cannot live even a few minutes.

　　2.    At the beginning of learning English he could not speak it without making mistakes.

　　3.    There is no right to speak without investigation.  4. No gains without pains.

　　5.  (There is) No sweet without (some) sweat.

　　6.  Without revolutionary theory there can be no revolutionary movement.

　　7.  Without knowledge of science and technology it is impossible to build socialism.

　　8.  It is impossible for your team to win without constant training.

　　[注1] 由第二式的省略 "no…without…"進一步緊縮的結果，便產生 "no…no…" 簡略式，主要用于諺語格言。例如：No pains, no gains.  No law, no liberty.  No investigation, no right to speak.  Nothing venture, nothing have. （nothing是no的派生詞）

　　[注2] "not without…" 表示"不無…"、"不是沒有…"的意思，是一種委婉的說法。

　　例如：Not without reason / not without some doubt    I have brought back your man-not without risk and danger.

　　句型21［主語+ cannot+help/ refrain from/ keep from+動名詞…］

　　1.    Though Laurence had promised Keith not to see Wanda, he could not help going to her.

　　2.    He (Shylock) could not help showing his pleasure.  3. I can't help admiring it whenever I look at it.

　　4.  I could not refrain from retorting to hear such a lie. 5. I cannot keep from laughing to hear such a story.

　　句型22［主語+ cannot+but/ choose but/ help but+動詞原形…］

　　1.    "You cannot but feel already that it is useless staying here… you will have to go farther."

　　2.    I can not but admire his courage.  3. We cannot (choose) but read books to increase our knowledge.

　　4.  They cannot but admit that in certain aspects of science and technology we are away ahead of them.

　　句型23［主句（否定結構）+從句（否定結構）］

　　1.    Nothing was useful which was not honest.  2. Nothing can be wholly beautiful that is not useful.

　　3.  I have never committed one act that was not in the interests of my people.

　　4.  Bassanio, in his grief, replied that there was nothing he would not sacrifice.

　　句型24［(There be) No+ 主語+ but+ 謂語+ 其他］

　　1.    There is no man but has his faults.  2. (There is) Nobody but has his faults.  3. No one but can do it.

　　4.  There is no rule but has exceptions.  5.  There is nobody but knows this matter.

　　句型25［第一分句（否定式謂語）+but +第二分句（肯定式謂語）］

　　1.    It never rains but it pours.(=It never rains without pouring.)

　　2.    I never see you but I think of my brother.  3. They never meet but they discuss this problem.

　　4.  She never comes but she brings something for the children.

　　[注] 漢語中的雙重否定句譯成英語時不一定用雙重否定句。"知無不言，言無不盡。"-- Say all you know and say it without reserve.  "這樣的人是沒有不摔跤的。"-- Such people are bound to trip and fall.
 

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