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來源：沈陽晚報 作者：中考網(wǎng)小編 2011-11-07 10:35:30
語篇閱讀是中考試卷的重頭戲，強調(diào)多學科知識的貫通，選材也更多樣化、現(xiàn)代化和生活化。命題既注重語言知識技能，又側(cè)重學生的學習策略、情感和態(tài)度等相關(guān)因素，這要求學生既要有一定的生活文化常識，也要有一定的人文素養(yǎng)。因此，注重學習策略，提高語篇閱讀能力應是英語備考的重中之重。
如何把學習策略運用在語篇中呢，就讓我們以下文為例：
A girl complained to her father about her hard life. She didn"t know what she had to do and wanted to 31. She felt tired for fighting and fighting. One problem had been finished but another came.
Her father, a cook, took her 32 the kitchen. He poured water into the pans (鍋) and boiled it. When the water was boiling, in the first pan he put some carrots, in the 33 he put some eggs and in the last he put some coffee. He 34 them for a few minutes without any words.
The girl closed her mouth and waited impatiently, not knowing 35 her father was doing that. After about 20 minutes, her father turned 36 the stove, took out the carrots and put them in a bowl. He took out the eggs and put 37 in another bowl. After that the 38 was poured into a cup. Turning back to his daughter, he asked, "What do you 39?""Carrots, eggs and coffee," she answered.
Her father told her to 40 her eyes and let her touch the carrots. She did and felt that the carrots were soft. After that he asked her to take eggs and 41 them. Then, she got boiled and hard eggs. At last, the father asked her to smell the coffee. "What"s the meaning, Father?" He 42 that each one had had the same unlucky experience - the boiled water, but 43 had a different reaction (反應). The strong and hard carrots had become soft and weak after being in the boiling water. The eggs became hard 44 being cooked. The coffee was very special and it changed the water. "Who are you?" asked her father, "When calamity (厄運) 45 your door, what"s your reaction? Are you carrots, eggs or coffee?"
(B) 31. A. grow up B. give up C. set up D. pick up
(A) 32. A. into B. within C. out of D. away from
(B) 33. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
(C) 34. A. looked for B. searched for C. waited for D. called for
(D) 35. A. that B. where C. where D. why
(C) 36. A. on B. over C. off D. in
(C) 37. A. it B. its C. them D. themselve
(C) 38. A. eggs B. carrots C. coffee D. water
(D) 39. A. hear B. taste C. smell D. see
(A) 40. A. close B. open C. wash D. drop
(C) 41. A. keep B. protect C. break D. drink
(B) 42. A. complained B. explained C. told D. expected
(C) 43. A. every B. all C. each D. either
(B) 44. A. before B. after C. behind D. under
(D) 45. A. lies in B. comes across C. meets with D. knocks at
策略一 抓住文章重點 啟發(fā)思考
不論是什么樣的英語文章，都有一個中心內(nèi)容。只要找準中心內(nèi)容，就可以把整篇文章理解得很好�？梢詮囊韵聨讉�方面來找出文章的中心內(nèi)容：1.題目。文章的題目往往是對整篇文章的歸納。所以要養(yǎng)成認真閱讀題目的習慣;2.開頭。文章的開頭往往點明了作者寫文章的意圖、背景等。教師要培養(yǎng)學生通過文章開頭來了解文章的脈絡，掌握文章的主旨大意;3.結(jié)尾。整篇文章的結(jié)尾往往是這篇文章的結(jié)論或是作者的觀點。本文的結(jié)尾部分是中心內(nèi)容之所在父親通過生活常識向女兒解析了一個重要的人生道理：我們在經(jīng)歷了困難和掙扎之后，應該成為能夠改變自己命運的主人。一旦抓住重點，便可以明確父親做這些事情的目的性，從而提高了31、42題的準確率。同時，還可拋出一個問題：What can you learn from the article?可以訓練另一中考題型回答問題。
策略二 培養(yǎng)閱讀習慣 重視思路方法
1.注重每段首尾句
第一段尾句：女兒在困難面前欲放棄;第二段首句：父親將其帶入廚房揭示人生道理;第二段尾句：父親一言不發(fā)靜靜等待;第三段首句：女兒不明白父親所作為何;第三段尾句：父親問女兒看到了什么;第四段首句：蒙上女兒雙眼，讓她再次觸摸。能夠很好地分析首尾句的關(guān)系，32、35、40題便迎刃而解了。這種訓練同時有助于提高中考另一題型排序題的準確率。
2.留意每句上下文
上下文的提示作用是不言而喻的，例如33題可從上文的the first及下文的the last得到正確答案,38題則可從下文中"carrots,eggs and coffee"中直接獲取答案。
策略三 深化閱讀教學 避免就題論題
如講解31題時，除了give up及其用法外，還可將1600詞中的相關(guān)短語，如give away,give in,give out等進行比較，歸類;36題時，可提及turn on/off 的替換詞語switch on/off，以及對其后名詞，代詞所處的位置進行總結(jié)歸納;37題除了要重點講解them指代復數(shù)名詞eggs外，還要強調(diào)動詞及介詞后接代詞賓格的用法;43題的答案each則可與every進行對比講解�？傊黄恼轮械哪骋粋�短語、某一句話或是某一個段落，可能在基礎知識、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、文化背景等方面具有重要價值，講解過程中需要深化和拓展。
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