2009年北京中考英語試題分析(3)

通過對16個學生的訪談，得出以下結果：
 

 今年很多考生普遍反映的難題是C篇的55題和57題，其次是C篇的58題和56題。有個別粗心的考生錯了B篇的54題。

A篇閱讀
 47題選B。用關鍵詞music定位，找到Unit 1 Music, 然后在Reading這一列中找到Sad movies。
 48題選C。用關鍵詞weather定位，找到Unit 3 Weather。
 49題選D。用關鍵詞Unit 5定位，然后Words這一列中找到Space news。
 50題選C。根據題目要求，找到所有unit 的相同之處。由于47、48、49題的答案涉及了Unit，Reading和Words三列，唯一沒有使用的是Skills這一列，所以優先考慮它。果然每個Unit在Skills這一列中都提到了：Understanding main ideas.

B篇閱讀
 51題選B。用關鍵詞cough和sneeze定位，找到第一段（粗體字）中的第一句話：When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand.
 52題選A。用關鍵詞door和someone定位，找到第三段（粗體字）中的第一句話：If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door.
 53題選D。題目問得是作者的職業。順著52題答案的出處繼續往下找，發現第四段第一句話：After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get enough doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. 所以不難猜出作者的職業是teacher.
 
 47-53題都屬于事實細節題，解題的關鍵在于精確定位。

 54題選A。屬于文章主旨題。總結每一段黑體字（第一、三、五段）第一句話的含義，第一段講咳嗽或打噴嚏時應注意的問題，第三段講為走在后面的人開門，第五段講乘移動電梯靠右站的問題。所以答案選A. the rules of behaviors in public (公共場所的行為規范)。

 主旨題的解題關鍵是：總結每一段的共同點。

C篇閱讀
 55題選B。屬于單詞含義題，用關鍵詞psychologist定位，找到第二段第一句話：Doctors and other scientists [who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way they do, called psychologists,] are starting to believe it. 定語從句的內容正好說明了psychologist的特點： （1）study the human mind. （2） explain why people behave in the way they do. 所以答案選B. thoughts and behavior. 理由是thoughts 和mind相對應，behavior與behave相對應。出題人玩得是同義詞替換的游戲。
 很多同學誤選C. ,mind and nervous system. 結果錯了，非常可惜。錯在后半部分nervous system (神經系統)，第二段第二句話的確是提到了：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system.（你知道你的大腦通過神經系統和身體的每一部分聯系在一起。）這里僅僅是提到了nervous system而已，但是與psychologist沒有任何關系。出錯的根本原因是定位不精確。

 56題選D。屬于正誤判斷題。題干無法提供關鍵詞，所以利用每一個選項中的名詞進行定位。我們一一來分析 (黑體字 + 下劃線是關鍵詞)：
You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress.與原文相反。
 第六段第七句話：If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym, you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. (去健身館可以消耗adrenaline)

 B. One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline.與原文相反。
 第四段第三句話： Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or turn away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. 說明homework 不能讓你用完所有的adrenaline。與選項描述的正好相反。

 C. Diseases and accidents are caused by stress. 偷換概念。
 第三段最后三句話：But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident. 很多考生錯選C，原因在于把It錯誤理解為stress，但實際上It指代的是too much stress（過多的壓力）。

 D. Everyone needs stress to improve himself. 正話反說
 第三段第四句話：Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. （沒有壓力，我們就學不到任何東西，不會成長，也不會改變。） 其中grow和improve相對應。

 正誤判斷題的關鍵是：用選項中的關鍵詞快速定位答案，耐心和速度是關鍵。

 57題選C。屬于細節推斷題。找到黑體字所在的位置—第五段最后一句話：A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful. it指代的是a big change，所以可以簡單理解為A big change will still be stressful. 所以和它意思最接近的是：C. a big change will cause another stressful situation.
 很多同學誤選D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort. 文章第五段并沒有講stress和effort有任何聯系。屬于選項中有，文章中無的錯誤選項。

 58題選A。屬于文章主旨題。從第二段第二句話：You know that your brain is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system. 第四段第一句：When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (腎上腺素). 第六段第一句：The link（關聯）between your body and brain works in two ways. 不難選出A. The Body-Brain Link (身體和大腦的關聯)。

五、完成句子

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